Pelviectasis (Renal Pelvis Dilation)
Pelviectasis means dilation (enlargement/distension) of the renal pelvis, which is the central collecting area of the kidney where urine gathers. [1] Pelviectasis is often used in imaging reports to describe mild upper urinary tract dilation and is closely related to terms such as pyelectasis and urinary tract dilation. [1][2]
Relationship to Hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis refers to dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces, typically reflecting more extensive collecting-system enlargement than isolated renal pelvis dilation. [2] Pelviectasis is therefore commonly used to describe a less extensive finding than hydronephrosis. [2]
Common Clinical Significance
Renal pelvis dilation can be caused by processes that affect urine drainage from the kidney, including obstruction or narrowing along the urinary tract. [3] In some contexts, such as pregnancy or childhood, pelviectasis may be detected on ultrasound and then monitored for resolution or progression. [1][4]
Typical Next Steps
Clinical interpretation is usually based on imaging details (severity, whether calyces are also dilated, and whether dilation changes over time) and associated symptoms or lab findings. [1][3] Follow-up decisions are guided by the degree of dilation and the underlying cause when identified. [1][4]