Medications Associated With Lactic Acidosis
Lactic acidosis has been reported with several medication classes, most prominently metformin, some HIV nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), linezolid, and propofol. [1] Lactic acidosis can also occur with beta-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators used for asthma or COPD. [1]
Metformin
Metformin is associated with lactic acidosis and the drug should be discontinued immediately in a patient with lactic acidosis. [2]
HIV Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Some HIV NRTIs are associated with lactic acidosis as a rare but serious adverse effect. [3]
Linezolid
Linezolid has been associated with lactic acidosis. [1] Linezolid-associated lactic acidosis risk may increase with longer duration of therapy. [4]
Propofol
Propofol is associated with lactic acidosis. [1]
Beta-Adrenergic Agonist Bronchodilators
Beta-adrenergic agonist inhalers (such as albuterol) used for asthma or COPD have been associated with lactic acidosis. [1]
Clinical Context and Co-Exposures
Lactic acidosis most often reflects an underlying physiologic process that impairs lactate clearance or increases lactate production. [1] Medication-associated lactic acidosis risk is increased by conditions that reduce tissue perfusion or oxygen delivery. [1]